Pogonatum is the largest genus with about 199 species distributed allover the world. Of these, 34 are found in the temperate hills of India and Sri Lanka. It is commonly found in the hills of India, growing on the rock soil. The most common Indian species are P. aloides, P. microstomum, P. junghunianum, etc.
Only three species of Polytrichum VlZ. P. densifolium, P. xanthopiium and P. juniperinum are found in India, mostly in hills. The species are found in a variety of habitats. Such as sandy ground, dry and stony places, peat, bog, marshy moores and damp soil, etc.
Funaria is very common in hills as well as in plains. It is generally found growing on moist walls and tree trunks, during rainy season.
All the 11 species of Sphagnum found in India are restricted to the Himalayas. The plants are aquatic or semi-aquatic forming dense cushions commonly seen in swamps, ponds and lake margins, moorelands and wet hill sides.
Anthoceros is common in both hills and plains. Plants grow, as a rule, in moist, shady places on the sides of ditches or in moist hollows among rocks.
Frullania is represented by about 700 species, of which about 39 are reported from India. The species can be collected from wet shady rocks or trunks of tree. It usually forms flat patches or extensive mats on the rocks or on tree trunks.
EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY OF PORELLA (MADOTHECA) , ANATOMY OF AXIS , ANTHERIDIAL BRANCH AND ANTHERIDIUM
external features of gametophyte of pellia. the thallus from dorsal and ventral sides.
All the species of Marchantia found in India grow mainly in the Himalayas. Plants usually grow in moist places, either in wet open woodland or near the banks of streams. The best development is, however, seen in damp burnt soil.
